Creating Bibliographies Using RefWorks

RefWorks is an online bibliographic management tool that facilitates the process of creating bibliographies. Researchers can access RefWorks from the lower portion of the library's Databases page. RefWorks can be used in conjunction with a number of the library's databases to generate bibliographies in a wide variety of styles, including such standards as MLA, APA, and Turabian. Some database systems, such as ProQuest and Cambridge Scientific Abstracts work seamlessly with the system, allowing users to select article citations, export them directly into RefWorks, and then generate formatted bibliographies on the fly. While other database systems may not directly interface with RefWorks, items selected in these systems can be exported to files and then imported into RefWorks. For a cross-reference guide to which UNF databases will work with RefWorks, see Barbara Tuck's RefWorks Import Table.

The following screen snapshots illustrate the two main techniques for generating bibliographies directly from the library's database collection. The first method is typical of ProQuest and Cambridge Scientific Abstracts. The second method is typical of Science Direct.

**Since this document contains many screen snapshots and is fairly lengthy, the following links will help you skip quickly to specific bits of information.

Establishing a RefWorks Account
Initial Access to Your RefWorks Account
Exporting Citations and Creating a Bibliography from ProQuest
Using Folders to Organize Your Work
Creating the Bibliography
Editing Entries in Your RefWorks Database

Getting to RefWorks -- The Library provides a link to RefWorks from the Library's home page on the Web. From the Library's home page at http://www.unf.edu/library, choose the "RefWorks info " link in the left panel under "Quick Info."

UNF Library homepage

On the resulting RefWorks information page, you'll find instructions for signing up to use RefWorks on campus and off campus..

Refworks Info

Once you have signed up for an account, you can go directly to RefWorks' Web site over the open Internet to login, if you choose to. Just go to http://www.refworks.com and choose the "User Login" option.

Establishing a RefWorks Account -- To begin working with RefWorks, you will first need to establish an account. While the library supports subscription to the service for all UNF users, each individual user needs to establish a user name and password to provide access to his or her individual files and folders.

To begin the account establishment process, follow the link from the library's Databases page. You will be directed to a login screen like the one pictured below. Click the "Sign up for an Individual Account" link located above the Login Name box to begin the account creation process.

**Note: If you are trying to do this from off campus, you will first need to log in to the library's system, just as you would when using one of our databases.

You will be directed to an account creation page that identifies you as a UNF user. Be sure to fill in all the required information: 1) Your Name, 2) Login Name, 3) Password, and 4) E-Mail Address, and select a user type and focus area from the pull-down menus. Your Login Name and Password can be anything that you choose, but make sure that you keep track of your choices so that you'll be able to access your information at a later date.

Once you've completed the information successfully, click the Register button to send the information and to log in to RefWorks for the first time. For future logins, just fill in your Login Name and Password as shown in the screen above and click the Login button.

IMPORTANT: RefWorks will send an account creation confirmation email to the email account that you use at sign-up. Make sure that your email address is entered correctly. In the confirmation email, RefWorks will include a group code for off-campus access. You will need the group code to identify yourself as a UNF user.

Initial Access to Your RefWorks Account -- After you register to use RefWorks, you will be greeted with the welcome screen shown below. This gives a brief overview of the system and how it works. Once you have begun creating bibliographies, any subsequent login will actually take you into a list of your imported items.

Exporting Citations and Creating a Bibliography from ProQuest -- The ProQuest system of databases directly interfaces with RefWorks, thus making the process of generating a bibliography fairly simple.We'll begin by doing a search in ProQuest Research Library, which can be reached from the Library's database listing under the General category.

In the ProQuest Research Library search screen, enter a word or multiple words describing your search topic. The system will search for any articles that contain matches.

The sample search below represents a simple search for a connection between music and mood. In the example, we use the Boolean connector "and" to join the two topics. Additionally, we have ended the word "mood" with an asterisk (*). This directs the database to find the root word "mood" with any ending (e.g., mood, moods, moodiness, etc.). The final result will be a listing of all articles in the database that contain both of our words, including all the variations on the word "mood."

The search on music and mood results in 10683 articles! Obviously, this is entirely too much information to scan, so we'll use ProQuest's topic suggestions to narrow the search.

Notice the information box immediately preceeding the search listings has a number of suggested topics, including "music and consumer behavior," "music and musical recordings," and "music and emotions." We'll choose "music and emotions" to limit the results. The resulting revised search offers 135 results.

All ProQuest databases include an option to select or "mark" items that the user wants to keep track of. The marking process ultimately enables the user to print a list of the items with their descriptions, to email selected items with their descriptions and even full text, and to export the selected items in a bibliographic management software format. RefWorks is a web-based bibliographic management system, and it is directly supported in ProQuest. The screen below demonstrates the selection process. Notice that items 1, 3, 4, and 5 have been checked and are now highlighted in yellow.

Just above the marked items are options for working with the selected articles which include Email, Cite, and Export. The Email option allows a user to send the selected information to a specified email address. Information sent can include the basic information on the article (author, article title, journal title, volume, issue, date, pages), the article information and abstract, or even the full text of the article either in Web or PDF formats. The Cite option sets up a bibliography in a number of different styles, but the bibliography formatting is not exactly correct, so use this option primarily to print a list of the required information and not to produce a fully formatted bibliography. The Export option provides several ways to send the information from ProQuest into a bibliographic management program, like RefWorks. RefWorks is not the only system supported, but it is the system provided by the UNF Library.

The Export option takes us to a screen of options for exporting the selected information into RefWorks as shown below. We'll choose the "Export directly to RefWorks" option to initiate the transfer of information.

This selection initiates a connection to RefWorks in a separate browser window and takes us to the login screen for RefWorks. We'll log in with the username and password that we chose earlier.


Once we are logged in, RefWorks initiates a transfer of information from ProQuest Research Library and imports the 4 selected items. Once the import process is completed, we'll have a confirmation of how many items have been imported. Notice in the sample screen below that RefWorks confirms that we've imported 3 references, the number of items that we check-marked in ProQuest. So far, so good.

Clicking the "View Last Imported Folder" option in the screen will produce a list of the currently imported items. The resulting view is shown below. This option also allows us to verify that the information is correct and to make corrections if necessary.

Using Folders to Organize Your Work More than likely, you will be working on more than one project at the time, so you might need to organize your work into separate folders in RefWorks. In the following screens we go through the process of creating a new folder and placing our newly exported items from ProQuest into the folder. To create a folder, click the "Folders" option on the RefWorks menu and choose the "Create New Folder" option.

You will be given an input box that allows you to choose a folder name. Type in a name that describes your project. In the example below, we have named the folder "Music & Emotions " describing the topic of our current search. Clicking OK creates the folder.

RefWorks will show a confirmation that the folder has been created successfully.

To move the recently imported items into the "Music & Emotions" folder, choose the "All in List" option in the gray panel located above your references. From the "Put in Folder" pull-down menu, choose the "Music & Emotions" folder as the location for saving these references. RefWorks will process the request and you will be given a confirmation option.


Confirm that you do want to place the selected items in the folder by clicking the OK option in the dialog window.

That's it. You have successfully moved the 4 recently imported items into the "Music and Mood" folder

Creating the Bibliography -- After reviewing the exported items for accuracy and completeness, we can now begin creating our bibliography. To begin the process, click the "Bibliography" button from the menu options at the top of the RefWorks interface..

Next, choose the style that you would like to use for your bibliography. RefWorks offers all major stylesheets and many specific journal styles.

After choosing a bibliography format to use, we'll need to decide what file format RefWorks should use to create the bibliography. HTML (Internet format) is the default option, but we also can choose from RTF (standard word processing format), Word for Windows, or Word for Macintosh. If all we need is a print copy of the bibliography, HTML will work fine. The resulting bibliography can be sent straight to a printer. If we will be needing to edit the bibliography or to incorporate it into an existing document, RTF format is the most versatile of the available choices since it will be recognized in any word processor, including Microsoft Word and Corel WordPerfect.

We will also need to choose from which folder the current bibliography will be generated. By default, RefWorks will include all imported references. To switch to a different folder or to use the current imported items, click the down arrow to the right of the "References from " option to get a list of existing folders. In the example, we have chosen the "Music & Emotions" folder that we previously created.

Having made our choices, now we can generate our APA style bibliography by clicking the "Create Bibliography" button that appears at the bottom of the Bibliography selection screen.

Depending on the number of citations that we are formatting, the bibliography creation process may take only a second or may take a number of seconds. RefWorks will display a notice while it works on formatting the bibliography, as shown below.

If the bibliography creation is successful, a separate window containing the newly created bibliography will pop up on top of the RefWorks processing screen. If you are running a pop-up blocker on your workstation, you will either need to disable it for RefWorks or you can click the "Download it" option as shown below to open the bibliography. RefWorks also provides a user with an option to email the generated bibliography to the user's default email address. This will be the address that we set up when we signed up to use RefWorks.

Following is the MLA style bibliography created by RefWorks from our Music & Emotions folder.

Notice in the above Works Cited page that we still have a bit of work to do to get everything exactly correct. For example, in the first referenced item not all of the significant journal title words are capitalized. We will need to fix that in RefWorks so that our Works Cited page will be correct. Additionally, the ProQuest databases do not send the complete pages for the article citations, so we'll need to add in the closing and additional pages for each of the items. Making the additions and corrections is not a problem and is quite easy in RefWorks.

Editing Entries in Your RefWorks Database

To edit an entry in your database, select the folder that contains the item(s) using the "View" menu option in RefWorks.

Edit items

In the above screen of references, the first item lists only the starting page for the article. Both MLA and APA styles require inclusive page numbers in the reference list, so we will need to find the ending page number (and any other page numbers if the pagination is not consecutive throughout the article) and update the information in RefWorks. To edit the information, we'll click the "Edit" option to the right of the article information. This option opens a fill-in-the-blank view of the article information that allows us to make changes or additions to the information stored in RefWorks. In the screen below, we have added the closing page, 602, into the "Other Pages" blank. This will update in the Works Cited page when we regenerate it. We have also corrected the journal title, capitalizing all significant words of the title, in the "Periodical, Full " area of the form. At this point, this reference should print up correctly in our Works Cited page.

Edit Item

The only thing remaining for us to do is to resave the reference in our database. After clicking the "Save Reference" button we receive an acknowledgement from RefWorks that "This reference has been saved." (Notice next to the Reference ID caption the red message text. )

Edit Item

There will be other customizations that we will need to make with our database to produce an accurate Works Cited page. For example, if we find the article online in one of the library's databases, we will need to change the "Source Type" (see screen above) to Electronic instead of Print and give the database name, the source where we used the database (in this case UNF Library), and the date that we accessed the article. The "Article Linker" button in RefWorks will assist us in locating the full text of any of the articles in the library's databases.

The way ProQuest databases work with RefWorks is typical of most databases. Most of them call the process of sending information to the databases "exporting." Not all databases work with RefWorks, however. For those, RefWorks offers a fill-in-the-blank form that can be customized for each type of source that you need to enter. From the "References" menu item in RefWorks, just choose the Add New Reference option, select the reference style that you want to use, and then fill in the appropriate information (copy and paste is the quick way to do it).

RefWorks potentially can accommodate any citation that you need to include as long as you provide it with the correct information.

As with any of the library's databases, RefWorks has a complete online help system, should you need assistance working with it.

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